Lean mixture Advanced ignition timing Spark plug heat range is too highĬheck carburettor fuel jets aren’t obstructed Check float level Check ignition timing Replace spark plug with correct heat range as specified Knocking sound in the engine when accelerating /under engine load or climbing hills Engine run-on after switching off Worn rings/low compression Worn piston to cylinder clearances Leaking valve stem seals Overfilled oil capacity in sumpĬhange worn parts Replace spark plug with correct heat range Retarded ignition Low compression Spark plug heat range is too low Spark plug ignition timing is incorrect (either to soon or after spark plug ignition).Ĭheck fuel float level (specific to carburettors) Check choke (specific to carburettors) Check ignition timing Check air filter Check compression Replace spark plug with correct heat range as per vehicle’s recommendationsĭifficulty starting Misfiring Grey/white exhaust smoke Loss of oil/smoking after extended period of idling Here are some of our most common diagnoses for spark plug faults which you might experience: Symptomsĭifficulty starting Misfiring Black exhaust smoke This is also mainly due to incorrect volumes of fuel where and when the vital ignition is required. Mainly your engine misfires, your car battles to start, you’ll notice excessive exhaust smoke from the vehicle’s exhaust tail pipe mainly due to unburnt/ incorrectly ignited fuel in the piston / sleeve area. When your spark plugs malfunction, it can cause many issues with the vehicle. An adequate amount of voltage must be supplied by the ignition system to cause it to spark across the spark plug’s gap (centre electrode and side electrode), this is called “Electrical Performance”. To dissipate heat from the combustion chamber valve region in the headĮssentially, spark plugs transmit electrical energy that turns fuel into working energy.To ignite the air/fuel mixture at the correct time in the relevant cylinder.The spark plug has two fundamental functions which are as follows: The information stipulated in this guide applies to all types of internal combustion engines, including two stroke engines, rotary engines, high performance/racing engines and street vehicles. Which is why AutoZone has created this Diagnostic Guide to help the technician, hobbyist, or race mechanic in understanding and troubleshooting spark plugs. Spark plugs are one of the most misunderstood components of an engine.
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